Currently, microbial fuel cells (MFC) provide viable options for both generating power and treating
wastewater. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a cutting-edge technology that offers an efficient solution to the problems
presented by costly and ecologically damaging energy generation systems reliant on fossil fuels. This study involved
the creation of a dual-phase microbial fuel cell (MFC) and the subsequent conduction of experiments in two distinct
stages. The initial stage of the experiment was the use of home sewage and dairy effluent, without the addition of any
substrate. The second part of the experiment involved the use of residential sewage and dairy effluent, with sodium
acetate serving as the substrate. An analysis was conducted on the physiochemical parameters of wastewater in both
stages, including color, odour, pH, COD, BOD, TDS, and TSS. The experimental run yielded removal efficiencies of
83.4% for COD and 64.8% for BOD in dairy effluent, 78.4% for COD and 60.4% for BOD in domestic sewage with
substrate addition, 75.5% for COD and 53.6% for BOD in dairy effluent, and 63.1% for COD and 58.1% for BOD in
domestic wastewater without substrate addition. The voltage produced in the initial phase, in the absence of substrate,
during the treatment of household and dairy wastewater was 702.2 mV and 738.5 mV, respectively. During the second
phase, the voltage created for treating household wastewater was 725.4 mV, whereas for dairy wastewater it was 753.2
mV. The voltage produced during the treatment of dairy effluent is higher in both stages of the experimental trial. The
study showed that organic matter in dairy wastewater degraded more efficiently and produced a higher quantity of
electrons compared to household wastewater organic matter.
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